The Parent Book.
Therapist-written support for parents
Urgent help

ADHD, autism and learning differently

Neurodiversity

No two alike.

This covers children whose brains work differently: autism, ADHD, dyslexia, diagnoses that came early and ones still being sought, and the child whose difference hasn’t been named yet. It’s for the parent going through the long process of assessment and adjustments, and the school conversation that has gone wrong, with family life going on alongside.

What to do first and who else can help are free to read and to print.

What the library holds on neurodiversity

For a child aged

From the therapists

What to do first

Wondering isn’t diagnosing, and asking the question doesn’t put a label on your child. Usually it opens up support that was already available.

  1. Write down the specific things you’ve noticed, with examples and roughly when they started. Examples are easier to pass on than a vague worry.
  2. Ask the school for a meeting with the SENCo, and ask what’s already being tried and recorded. Almost every route to support goes through this conversation.
  3. Then see the GP for the referral. Take the school’s account with you; it speeds up everything that comes after.

If you are worried about a child’s safety

Safeguarding: what to do and who to tellUrgent help

Chapters

2 on neurodiversity

The long reads, each on one situation, written by a therapist.

Quick tips

25 on neurodiversity

Short pieces for the moment in front of you, each with things to try.

Neurodiversity

Before You Choose a Private Clinic

Ask five questions before you pay, and be wary of any clinic that can’t answer them.

Try this

  • Ask: who is doing it, what is their registration, and is it multidisciplinary.

Neurodiversity

Making Home Easier on Your Child’s Senses

By bath time your child has been processing sensory input for eleven hours, and a few changes at home help.

Try this

  • Fit a dimmer or a warmer-coloured bulb where your child spends the after-school hour.

Neurodiversity

The Child Who Reads the World Differently

Your child experiences the world differently from you, and it helps to find out how.

Try this

  • Adjust to your child’s differences gradually; don’t rush to correct them.

More quick tips on neurodiversity

The rest of each tip, with more to try and why it works, is in the library.

Things to do together

8 on neurodiversity

Small, repeatable things to do with your child, with what to watch for and when to get help.

To do together · The first hour home

An hour off after school

For the child who holds it together at school and comes apart at home. The first hour back asks nothing of them: something to eat, somewhere to recover, and no questions yet.

What it is for. Some children manage all day at school and let it out when they get home, where they feel safe enough to. The National Autistic Society describes this in autistic children who have spent the school day masking, which means trying to appear non-autistic, and in our work we see it in many other children as well. An hour with no questions and no jobs gives your child a chance to recover before the evening begins.

  1. The first step Plan the hour with your child at the weekend, when nobody is tired: what they’d like to eat when they get in, and what helps them after a long day. It might be their room, the sofa, the garden, a den, drawing or a programme they know well.

Safety. If your child has a medical condition that affects what or when they eat, such as diabetes, the after-school snack follows their care plan.

When to get help. If your child falls apart after school on most days for several weeks, it is getting worse, or they have started to dread school or say they can’t go, talk to their class teacher or the SENCo, and to your GP. If you have been wondering whether your child might be autistic or have ADHD, those same conversations are where an assessment starts. If your child tells you that someone is hurting them, that they are hurting themselves, or that they do not want to be alive, stay calm, thank them for telling you, do not promise to keep it secret, and act that day, using the routes under “If you need help right now”, at the foot of every page.

The other five steps, and your part in it, are in the library.

More to do together

  • To do together

    First this, then that

    A card with two pictures, the thing to do first and the thing that comes next, for a young child who finds it hard to stop one thing and start another.

    About 15 min · Under 9 · With a sheet to print

  • To do together

    A page about me, for a new teacher

    Before a new class or a new school, your child tells their teacher, in their own words, what they enjoy, what they find hard and what helps. You write it down together and hand it in.

    About 30 min · Ages 5 to 13 · With a sheet to print

  • To do together

    Getting out of the door

    A short list by the door, made with your child, of the things that go with them each morning. Your child ticks each one off as it goes in the bag, and you point at the list instead of reminding them.

    About 20 min · Ages 5 to 16 · With a sheet to print

  • To do together

    When a friend comes round

    For a visit your child has asked for: one friend, one thing to do together, you within earshot, and a warm, clear ending.

    An afternoon · Ages 5 to 13 · With a sheet to print

  • To do together

    A story about what will happen

    Before something new, such as the dentist or a new classroom, write a short story with your child about what usually happens there, and read it together in the days before.

    About 20 min · Under 11 · With a sheet to print

  • To do together

    An energy account

    With an autistic teenager, list what uses up their energy and what gives it back, and plan time to recover before they run out.

    About 20 min · Ages 11 to 18 · With a sheet to print

  • To do together

    The school day, drawn as a line

    Your child draws their day from gate to gate and marks where it feels heavy. You take the one moment they mark, not a conclusion, to the school.

    About 20 min · Ages 5 to 13 · With a sheet to print

16 on neurodiversity

Made to be printed, kept, and handed on.

To print and keep

The guide to neurodiversity

What to do first, a few things to try and who else can help, together in one guide. Free to print and keep, or to hand to the other parent, a grandparent or the school.

See the sheet

Who else can help with neurodiversity, on a sheet of its own.

Books and reading

24 on neurodiversity

Chosen by the therapists who write the library: books for you and to read with your child, and pages from organisations we trust.

For you 10

  • Cover of Differently Wired by Deborah Reber
    Differently Wired Deborah Reber The founder of TiLT Parenting writes for parents of children with ADHD, autism, giftedness or learning differences, setting out eighteen shifts in thinking, from dropping comparison to advocating calmly. Affiliate link: we earn a small commission

Also on this shelf

  • Cover of The Parents’ Guide to Specific Learning Difficulties by Veronica Bidwell
    The Parents’ Guide to Specific Learning Difficulties Veronica Bidwell
  • Cover of Overcoming Dyslexia by Sally Shaywitz and Jonathan Shaywitz
    Overcoming Dyslexia Sally Shaywitz and Jonathan Shaywitz
  • Cover of Bright Kids Who Can’t Keep Up by Ellen Braaten and Brian Willoughby
    Bright Kids Who Can’t Keep Up Ellen Braaten and Brian Willoughby
  • Cover of The Essential EHCP Guide for Parents and Carers by Dr Abigail Fisher and Eliza Fricker
    The Essential EHCP Guide for Parents and Carers Dr Abigail Fisher and Eliza Fricker

And five more. Every book on the shelf, with a therapist’s note on what it is good for, is in the library.

To read with your child 9

  • Cover of The Illustrated Guide to Dyslexia and Its Amazing People by Kate Power and Kathy Iwanczak Forsyth
    The Illustrated Guide to Dyslexia and Its Amazing People Kate Power and Kathy Iwanczak Forsyth · Ages 8 to 14 A colourful, visual guide to how a dyslexic brain works, its challenges and strengths, with profiles of successful dyslexic people. Designed with dyslexic readers in mind. On the Reading Well list. Affiliate link: we earn a small commission

Also on this shelf

  • Cover of Wonderfully Wired Brains: An Introduction to the World of Neurodiversity by Louise Gooding
    Wonderfully Wired Brains: An Introduction to the World of Neurodiversity Louise Gooding · Ages 7 to 11
  • Cover of Wired Differently: 30 Neurodivergent People You Should Know by Joe Wells
    Wired Differently: 30 Neurodivergent People You Should Know Joe Wells · Ages 11 to 16
  • Cover of Fish in a Tree by Lynda Mullaly Hunt
    Fish in a Tree Lynda Mullaly Hunt · Ages 9 to 12
  • Cover of Can I tell you about ADHD? A Guide for Friends, Family and Professionals by Susan Yarney
    Can I tell you about ADHD? A Guide for Friends, Family and Professionals Susan Yarney · Ages 7 to 15

And four more. Every book on the shelf, with a therapist’s note on what it is good for, is in the library.

To read online 5

  • IPSEA

    EHC needs assessments

    IPSEA’s legally precise guide to asking the local authority for an EHC needs assessment, what the test is, and what to do if the answer is no.

  • Contact

    Introduction to special educational needs

    A clear map of the SEN system in England: what counts as special educational needs, what schools must provide, and where an EHC plan fits.

  • Place2Be

    My child might be neurodivergent

    For parents who suspect autism, ADHD or another difference: what neurodivergence means, what to observe, and how to start conversations with school and GP.

  • NHS

    Signs of autism in children

    The main signs of autism in young and older children, with a useful section on how autism can look different in girls.

  • YoungMinds

    School anxiety and refusal

    The most thorough UK parent guide to a child who cannot get to school: finding the cause with an ‘anxiety iceberg’, what to ask the school for, and helping a return after absence.

Podcasts and films

12 on neurodiversity

Podcast episodes, talks and films, each chosen for a reason.

Podcasts 6

Also on this shelf

  • Nuala McGovern with Kellie Bright and Anna Maxwell Martin (BBC)

    SEND in the Spotlight

  • Robyn Steward and Jamie Knight (BBC)

    1800 Seconds on Autism

  • Dr Max Davie (ADHD UK)

    ADHDUK podcast

  • ACAMH (Dr Jane Gilmour, Prof Umar Toseeb, Dr Clara Faria)

    ‘Mind the Kids’: an ACAMH podcast

And one more. Every episode on the shelf, with a therapist’s note on what it is good for, is in the library.

Films 6

  • YouTube · 4 min

    What is an EHCP and who is it for?

    Council for Disabled Children, YouTube

    A clear animation explaining what an Education, Health and Care Plan is, who it is for and how the assessment process works in England.

Also on this shelf

  • YouTube · 6 min

    Amazing Things Happen!

    Amazing Things Project, YouTube

  • YouTube · 2 min

    Can you make it to the end?

    National Autistic Society, YouTube

  • YouTube · 2 min

    Meet Contact, the UK charity for families with disabled children

    Contact, YouTube

  • YouTube · 5 min

    Why ADHD Gets Missed in Girls and High-Achieving Kids — and What Parents Can Do

    Child Mind Institute, YouTube

And one more. Every film on the shelf, with a therapist’s note on what it is good for, is in the library.

Who else can help

Assessment usually begins at school rather than at the surgery. The GP is the referral route, but a school that has already tried and recorded support makes everything after it faster.

Where to start

  • The SENCo at your child’s school

    The member of staff responsible for special educational needs. They hold the assessment routes, the in-school support, and the paperwork an EHCP needs.

    Ask for a meeting in writing, and ask what is already being tried under the graduated approach. This conversation usually has to happen before anything statutory can.

  • Your local SENDIASS

    The free, impartial SEND information, advice and support service every local authority in England must provide: SEN support, EHC needs assessments, exclusions, and what to do when you and the school disagree.

    As soon as special educational needs are in the picture. Search your borough’s name with SENDIASS, or use the national finder.

    councilfordisabledchildren.org.uk/about-us-0/networks/information-advice-and-support-services-network/find-your-local-ias-service

  • Your GP

    The gateway to everything the NHS offers a child: paediatric assessment, a referral to CAMHS, and support for you as the parent.

    Ask for a double appointment. Describe the pattern over weeks rather than the worst single day, and say plainly what you are worried about. Bring a written list; the ten minutes go quickly.

    www.nhs.uk/service-search/find-a-gp

  • Your local authority

    The council’s children’s services and SEND team. They hold statutory assessment, the Local Offer, and early help for families who need more than a school can give.

    When school-level support has been tried and is not enough, or when you want to know what your area actually provides.

    www.gov.uk/find-local-council

For neurodiversity

  • Contact (for families with disabled children)

    The charity for families with a disabled child, whether or not there is a diagnosis yet. A free helpline, webchat, benefits advice and local groups.

    In the early days after a diagnosis, or while you are still waiting for one, when you need someone warm and practical.

    Contact Helpline 0808 808 3555 · Mon-Fri 9.30am-5pm (Tue opens 10.15am) · Webchat and an online enquiry form via the website; bookable Listening Ear calls

    contact.org.uk/help-for-families/information-advice-services/our-helpline

  • National Autistic Society

    The UK’s autism charity. A large advice hub, a directory of autism services near you, an online community, and a one-off support call from another parent of an autistic child, arranged through the website.

    From the first suspicion through assessment and after. There is no phone helpline to ring; the parent-to-parent call takes up to twelve working days to arrange.

    By arrangement, requested through the website · Parent to Parent Emotional Support Helpline: confidential one-off call staffed by parents of autistic children; arranged via the website.

    www.autism.org.uk/what-we-do/help-and-support

  • ADHD UK

    A national ADHD charity with free online support groups, including one for parents, plain guides to getting a child assessed and to the SEND system, and template letters for exam access arrangements.

    When you suspect ADHD, while you wait for assessment, and when school needs a nudge. Use the free groups; the paid course is not what we are pointing you to.

    Nor is the coaching marketplace on their site.

    adhduk.co.uk

  • IPSEA (Independent Provider of Special Education Advice)

    Free, independent legal advice on special educational needs in England: SEN support, EHC needs assessments and plans, exclusions and tribunal appeals. A call-in helpline and bookable advice appointments.

    When the school or the local authority has stopped moving and you need to know what the law says they must do.

    The SEND systems in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland work differently.

    IPSEA Advice Line and Call-in Helpline 0300 222 5899 · Triage Tue 9.30am-12.30pm; Call-in Helpline Wed 9.30am-2.30pm

    www.ipsea.org.uk/get-support